Professor Robert J. Lemke
Department of Economics and Business
Lake Forest College
Fall 2008
There are 18 categories listed below. You will receive between 1 and 5 points for each category, except for the Question & Answer and the Results Section categories for which you will receive between 2 and 10 points. Thus, your overall score will be between 20 and 100 points. Failure to submit a paper by the deadline will receive 0 points.
Style: One inch margins, 11 point Times Roman font, double-spaced throughout. Bold and numbered section titles. Extra blank line before each section title.
Page Numbering: Ten point Times Roman font for page numbers placed at the bottom - center of each page. Neither the title page nor the first page of text receives a page number. The second page of text receives the number 2. All remaining pages are numbered consecutively.
Spelling:
Punctuation:
Informative Title: Your paper must include an informative title.
Title Page: Title, 14 point Times Roman font, centered toward the top of the page. Include your name, email address, and date. Include an abstract of 100 to 200 words. Include three or four keywords. Include three or four appropriate Journal of Economic Literature classification codes.
Abstract: The abstract must introduce your question(s) and provide a brief summary of your answer(s). The abstract should also try to draw the reader into the paper by demonstrating why the question is interesting.
Introduction: The introduction clearly introduces your question and demonstrates why it is an interesting question. It also provides the context for showing where your question fits into the literature. (If you find it useful, you can include a Literature Review section following your introduction that provides the context, but most Econ 330 papers can be written so that the literature review is incorporated into the introduction.) The introduction must also introduce your data very briefly, and provide a quick summary of your results.
Data: The data section identifies the data source completely and accruately. You must specify all cuts you made on the data (and why). It must define every variable you use/create. And you must present the summary statistics for each variable. At a minimum, the summary statistics include the mean, standard deviation, minimum, and maximum for each variable. For some projects, however, you may want/need to present more summary statistics, such as summary statistics separately for men and women or a histogram of an average value over time.
Identification Strategy: The identification strategy section conveys to the reader how you will ascertain your answer. You need to inform the reader of what model(s) you are going to estimate; how you will estimate it (i.e., what econometric procedure you will use); and how the estimated coefficients will produce an answer to your question.
Results: The results section must be linked to one or more tables that present your regression results. The section then "talks" the reader through either all of the results or at least all of the important results as they pertain to your question. The results section needs to convince the reader of your result. It must include a discussion of statistical significance as well as economic significance. Tables of regression results must include the number of observations, make clear the dependent variable and the estimation procedure, and indicate statistically significant estimated coefficients.
Future Research: The future research section describes how the paper could be improved given another semester to work on it. Possible improvements are a better question, a better data set and/or a better econometric technique. Be precise in your suggested improvements. If you could use better data, for example, say what feature of the data it would be useful to have improved and then say which data set exists with that new feature. Alternatively, if you think there is a better econometric technique to use, find out more about the technique and say explicitely why it is better.
Conclusion: The conclusion must re-present the paper's primary question(s) and its answer(s). The conclusion must be written so that a reader, if she or he only reads the conclusion, still understands the paper (almost) completely -- what the question was, how it was answered, and what the answer was.
Writing: Your paper must be well-written and clear. Each paragraph should move the paper along with a clear purpose. Each section should have its own purpose, be well-motivated, and end with clear knowledge imparted to the reader. As the reader, I should never wonder what is being said or why it is being said. You do not want to write a paper in which, when I am reading it, I ever ask myself, "What does this sentence mean?" or "What is the point of this paragraph/argument?" or say to myself "I don't understand what is being said." Each instant of such a question to myself is an instant of unclarity.
Question & Answer: After reading your paper, I will reflect upon your primary empirical question and answer. I should be able to summarize your question and answer very easily to myself or to my colleagues.
Citations: Citations in the text should refer to the author(s) by last name, followed by the year of the publication in parentheses. Or, if the text does not refer to the author directly, then the author(s) last name(s) and year of publication should be included in parentheses, separated by a comma. If mulitple sources are listed, separate them by a semicolon. If a citation has two authors, list both last names. If a citation has three or more authors, list the first author's last name follwed by "et al.". For example:
There is a large literature showing that the cost of child care plays a major role in the labor market decisions of women with children (Anderson and Levine, 1999; Chaplin et al., 2000).You should use direct quotations as little as possible. If you do use quotes, then place a comma following the year and include the page number, such as Heckman (1974, p. 23). If you quote more than one line of text, then you should separate the quote from the text with blank lines at the beginning and the end of the quotation, and include double margins.
Heckman (1974) provides the static theory in the standard context of a mother choosing her hours worked when facing a specific child care market.
References: You must have at least six references cited in your paper. List all of your references on a separate page (or pages) immediately following your conclusion (and before your tables). You should not use web references, and do not include when or where or how you obtained the reference. Just cite them as is common in the economics literature. Be consistent in how you present references. For example:
ReferencesAnderson, Patricia M. and Phillip B. Levine, “Child Care and Mothers’ Employment Decisions,” NBER Working Paper 7058, March, 1999.
Averett, Susan L., H. Elizabeth Peters and Donald M. Waldman, “Tax Credits, Labor Supply, and Child Care,” Review of Economics and Statistics, 79(1), pp. 125-135, February, 1997.
Gustafsson, Siv, and Frank Stafford, “Child Care Subsidies and Labor Supply in Sweden,” Journal of Human Resources, 27(1), pp. 204-230, Winter, 1992.
Heckman, James J., “Effects of Child-Care Programs on Women’s Work Effort,” Journal of Political Economy, 82(2), Special Issue, pp. S136-S163, March/April, 1974.
Hofferth, Sandra L., “Comment on The Importance of Child Care Costs to Women’s Decision Making,” in The Economics of Child Care, in David M. Blau ed., Russell Sage Foundation, New York, pp. 119-126, 1991.
Tables: Tables and graphs are to be included at the end of the paper, following your reference section. One table or graph per page. Each table and graph is numbered consecutively and includes a title. Each should also include a note beneath it. The standard rule is that tables and graphs must be understandable, more or less, without reading the paper. Thus, do not include variable names, but rather write out what each variable means. Tables must be clear and informative. In the text, be sure to refer to tables by their number. For example, you might write: "In Table 2, we see that ...". You can check out how I present tables and refer to them in any of my papers (other than the voting and rjv papers) that I have posted to the web at campus.lakeforest.edu/lemke/index.html.
There are 6 categories listed below, each worth between 1 to 5 or between 2 to 10 points for each category. Your overall score will be between 10 and 50 points. Failure to make a presentation at your scheduled time will result in being awarded 0 points.
Style All presenters should be well-dressed, speak at a reasonable pace, have a good presence (don't fidget), have good eye-contact, and be serious.
Slides All presenters must give a PowerPoint presentation. The presenter must have command of PowerPoint. PowerPoint slides need to be informative, free of errors, and easy to read.
Timing The presentation, before Q & A, should be between 17 and 20.
Econometric Results The presentation must present clear econometric results.
Policy Implications The presentation must mention policy implications of the econometric results. That is, how can the estimates be used to make decisions.
Questions and Answers Each presenter must take questions from the audience.